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Valves assist to regulate the flow of a fluids like for example slurries, fluidized gases or regular gases, liquids by opening and closing or even by partially obstructing particular passageways. Regular valves are pipe fittings but are discussed as a separate category. In instances where an open valve is concerned, fluid flows in a direction from higher to lower pressure.
Valves are used in many applications such as commercial, military, industrial, residential and transport trades. A few of the major businesses which rely on valves comprise the sewerage, oil and gas sectors, mining, chemical manufacturing, power generation and water reticulation.
In daily activities, the most common valves are plumbing valves as seen because it taps for tap water. Various common examples comprise small valves fitted to dishwashers and washing machines, gas control valves on cookers, valves inside car engines and safety devices fitted to hot water systems. In nature, veins within the human body act as valves and control the blood circulation. Heart valves likewise regulate the circulation of blood in the chambers of the heart and maintain the correct pumping action.
Valves can be operated in several ways. Like for example, they can be operated either by a pedal, a lever or a handle. Valves could be driven by changes in flow, temperature or pressure or they could be automatic. These changes can act upon a diaphragm or a piston which in turn activates the valve. Some common examples of this type of valve are seen on boilers or safety valves fitted to hot water systems.
There are more complicated control systems making use of valves which need automatic control which is based on external input. Like for instance, controlling flow through a pipe to a changing set point. These circumstances usually require an actuator. An actuator will stroke the valve depending on its input and set-up, that allows the valve to be situated precisely while enabling control over various needs.
